Blunt, Elizabeth. Foot Reflexology. Holistic Nursing Practice September/October 2006, 257-259.

Carbonnel, Joel . MIND THE BODY, Embody the Mind. Positive Health December 2006.

Fernández-de-las-Penãs, César/ Alonso-Blanco, Cristina/ Cuadrado, Maria Luz/ Miangolarra, Juan Carlos/ Barriga, Francisco J./ Pareja, Juan A. Are Manual Therapies Effective in Reducing Pain From Tension-Type Headache? A Systematic Review. Clin J Pain 2006, 22, 278–285.
Objectives: A systematic review was performed to establish whether manual therapies have specific efficacy in reducing pain from tension-type headache (TTH).
Methods: Computerized literature searches were performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, MANTIS, CINAHL, PEDro, and Cochrane databases. Papers were included if they described clinical (open noncontrolled studies) or randomized controlled trials in which any form of manual therapy was used for TTH, and if they were published after 1994 in the English language. The methodologic quality of the trials was assessed using the PEDro scale. Levels of scientific evidence, based on the quality and the outcomes of the studies, were established for each manual therapy: strong, moderate, limited, and inconclusive evidence.
Results: Only six studies met the inclusion criteria. These trials evaluated different manual therapy modalities: spinal manipulation (three trials), classic massage (one trial), connective tissue manipulation (two trials), soft tissue massage (one trial), Dr. Cyriax’s vertebral mobilization (one trial), manual traction (one trial), and CV-4 craniosacral technique (one trial). Methodologic PEDro quality scores ranged from 2 to 8 points out of a theoretical maximum of 10 points (mean=5.8±2.1). Analysis of the quality and the outcomes of all trials did not provide rigorous evidence that manual therapies have a positive effect in reducing pain from TTH: spinal manipulative therapy showed
inconclusive evidence of effectiveness (level 4), whereas soft tissue techniques showed limited evidence (level 3).
Conclusions: The authors found no rigorous evidence that manual therapies have a positive effect in the evolution of TTH. The most urgent need for further research is to establish the efficacy beyond placebo of the different manual therapies currently applied in patients with TTH.

Horwitz, E. Bojner/ Kowalski, J./ Theorell, T./ Anderberg, U.M. Dance/movement therapy in fibromyalgia patients: Changes in self-figure drawings and their relation to verbal self-rating scales. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 2006, 33, 11–25.
Abstract
This study evaluates if verbally oriented scales are as effective as the visual instruments of self-figure drawing and video interpretation in detecting treatment responses after 6 months of dance/movement therapy in fibromyalgia patients.
The self-figure drawing and video interpretation technique captured treatment effects that were not seen on verbal scales. In the self-figure drawings, significant differences were seen in the variables “amount of body details” and “amount of paper use in percent” between the treatment group and controls after dance/movement therapy. The treatment group showed a significant increase in the “amount of body details” and “amount of paper use in percent” compared to controls. Specific parts of the verbally oriented ratings in CPRS, “bodily discomfort” and “compulsive act,” were positively correlated to “number of different colours.” The variable “pain and ache” in the CPRS indicated
a negative correlation to the “amount of paper use in percent,” i.e. the more pain, the less paper used.

Sherman, Karen J/ Dixon, Marian W./ Thompson, Diana/ Cherkin, Daniel C. Development of a taxonomy to describe massage treatments for musculoskeletal pain. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2006, 6, 24.
Abstract
Background: One of the challenges in conducting research in the field of massage and bodywork is the lack of consistent terminology for describing the treatments given by massage therapists. The objective of this study was to develop a taxonomy to describe what massage therapists actually do when giving a massage to patients with musculoskeletal pain.
Methods: After conducting a review of the massage treatment literature for musculoskeletal pain, a list of candidate techniques was generated for possible inclusion in the taxonomy. This list was modified after discussions with a senior massage therapist educator and seven experienced massage therapists participating in a study of massage for neck pain.
Results: The taxonomy was conceptualized as a three level classification system, principal goals of treatment, styles, and techniques. Four categories described the principal goal of treatment (i.e., relaxation massage, clinical massage, movement re-education and energy work). Each principal goal of treatment could be met using a number of different styles, with each style consisting of a number of specific techniques. A total of 36 distinct techniques were identified and described, many of which could be included in multiple styles.
Conclusion: A new classification system is presented whereby practitioners using different styles of massage can describe the techniques they employ using consistent terminology. This system could help facilitate standardized reporting of massage interventions.

Simons, David G. Reply to Letter to the Editor. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 2006, 10, 176–177.

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